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Idaho's syringe service programs are legal to possess. Idaho went further than most: it repealed a working program. The Safe Syringe and Needle Exchange Act had authorized them since 2019, but following a February 2024 police raid on the Idaho Harm Reduction Project's offices in Boise and Caldwell, the legislature moved to repeal it. Governor Little signed House Bill 617 on March 22, 2024, and the repeal took effect July 1, 2024; the state's syringe programs, including the one run by the Latah Recovery Center in Moscow since 1998, had to shut down by June 30 of that year, and the Idaho Harm Reduction Project itself closed. In the same legislative session, lawmakers legalized fentanyl test strips, a genuinely mixed set of signals delivered within months of each other. Naloxone access has not been affected: a 2015 law, amended in 2019, lets any licensed health professional acting in good faith prescribe and dispense it, and Idaho's Good Samaritan law protects anyone who administers naloxone to someone appearing to overdose.
Idaho installed the second Harm Reduction Vending Machine in the country back in July 2021, with three more added using federal SOR II funding, and those continue operating independent of the syringe program repeal. The Idaho Department of Health and Welfare's Drug Overdose Prevention Program coordinates community partners and overdose prevention education statewide.
As of this writing, syringe exchange is no longer legal anywhere in Idaho. Naloxone and fentanyl test strips remain available through vending machines and local partners even though syringe services do not.
Last reviewed September 2026 by Penny Beach, PRS.
Recently added agencies in Idaho
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Find agencies that offer these critical services
Safe syringe exchange programs that reduce disease transmission and provide a connection to care.
No Cost or low-cost naloxone (Narcan) distribution to reverse opioid overdoses.
Confidential testing for HIV and Hepatitis C with connections to treatment.
Basic wound care services to prevent infections and complications.
Fentanyl test strips and drug checking services to reduce overdose risk.
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Harm reduction is a set of practical strategies and ideas aimed at reducing negative consequences associated with drug use. It is also a movement for social justice built on a belief in, and respect for, the rights of people who use drugs.
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